Stress

Overview

Engineering reference data for Stress in mechanics.

Key Formulas

Newton's Second Law

$F = ma$

Force = mass × acceleration.

Work

$W = Fd\cos\theta$

Work = force × displacement × cos(angle).

Kinetic Energy

$E_k = \frac{1}{2}mv^2$

Energy of motion.

Potential Energy

$E_p = mgh$

Gravitational potential energy.

Variables

Symbol	Description	Unit
$F$	Force	N
$m$	Mass	kg
$a$	Acceleration	m/s²
$v$	Velocity	m/s

Example Calculations Summary

The following table summarizes the stress calculation results from the examples in the original text.

Definitions and Properties

• Yield Strength: A critical material property indicating the stress level at which a material begins to deform plastically (permanently). As noted, a typical value for structural steel is 250 MPa. If the applied stress (σ) is below the yield strength, the material will elastically return to its original shape.
• Elastic vs. Plastic Deformation:
  • Elastic Deformation: The material returns to its original dimensions after the load is removed. This occurs when stress is below the yield strength.
  • Plastic Deformation: The material deforms permanently. This begins when the stress exceeds the yield strength.

Interactive Charts

References

• Original Source