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Wood Density

Reference data and engineering information about wood density for material properties applications.

wooddensityData Table

Overview

Engineering reference data for Wood Density in material science and properties.

Key Formulas

Stress

σ=FA\sigma = \frac{F}{A}

Force per unit area.

Strain

ε=ΔLL0\varepsilon = \frac{\Delta L}{L_0}

Change in length per original length.

Hooke's Law

σ=Eε\sigma = E \varepsilon

Stress proportional to strain in elastic region.

Thermal Expansion

ΔL=αL0ΔT\Delta L = \alpha L_0 \Delta T

Length change due to temperature.

Variables

Symbol Description Unit
σ\sigma Stress Pa
ε\varepsilon Strain —
EE Young's modulus Pa
α\alpha Thermal expansion coefficient 1/°C
ΔT\Delta T Temperature change °C

Wood Density Data

Density Unit Conversions

To convert wood density from kg/m³ to other common units:

To Unit Multiply by
g/cm³ 0.001
lb/ft³ 0.0624
oz/in³ 0.0005780
oz/gal (Imperial) 0.16036
oz/gal (U.S.) 0.1335
lb/in³ 0.000036127
lb/yd³ 1.6856
lb/gal (Imperial) 0.010022
lb/gal (U.S.) 0.008345
ton/yd³ 0.0007525

For example, to convert oak density (700 kg/m3700 \text{ kg/m}^3) to lb/ft³:

ρlb/ft3=700×0.0624=43.68 lb/ft3\rho_{\text{lb/ft}^3} = 700 \times 0.0624 = 43.68 \text{ lb/ft}^3

Wood Moisture and Seasoning

After felling, timber naturally loses moisture to reach equilibrium with atmospheric conditions. Key properties:

  • Target moisture content: Below 20% to prevent fungal attack
  • Seasoning: The controlled process of reducing moisture content to the appropriate level for the intended application
  • Typical shrinkage: 3–4% across the grain as a result of moisture loss

The density values in the table above represent wood in a seasoned and dry condition. Green (unseasoned) wood will have significantly higher density due to water content.

Interactive Charts

References